Getting started -

Define "Civil Rights" -
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The rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality.


Define "Civil Liberties" -
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one's freedom to exercise one's rights as guaranteed under the laws of the country.



Section 1 – Origins of the Civil Rights Movement

What "changes" were making the efforts of African Americans more successful than ever? (CA 813)
TweetMany Americans were seeing racism as evil because of the discrimination that the African-Americans were facing. The war made African-Americans fight for equality in the U.S.


What happened with the buses in Montgomery in 1955? (CA 815, video)

TweetRosa Parks was arrested for sitting in a white bus, so many African-Americans heard about it and boycotted buses in Montgomery. Martin Luther King Jr. had spoken out to keep the boycott going.



What was the impact of the Montgomery Bus Boycott? (CA 816, video)
TweetThe Montgomery Bus Boycott had ended segregation in Montgomery buses. It also created the SCLC which coordinated civil rights movements across the country.


What happened in Little Rock in 1957, and what were the results of this event? (CA 817)
Tweet9 black students attended Little Rock high school, they had to be protected by soldiers. The result was the eventual desegregation of schools.


What was the "massive resistance" that developed in the South? (CA 816)
TweetIt was white resistance to desegregation through the KKK and White Citizens Councils.


What happened in Greensboro in 1960, and what were the results of this event? (CA 817)
TweetThere was the first "sit-in" where 4 African-American college students sat at a lunch counter and asked to be served. After that there were larger "sit-in" protests against segregation and Jim Crow.


Provide a tweet describing SNCC. (CA 817)
TweetThe SNCC was the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Commission. This encouraged young people to participate in "sit-ins" and protest against segregation.

Section 2 – Kennedy, Johnson, and Civil Rights

What happened on the Freedom Rides? (CA 818, video)
Tweet – Freedom Rides were supported by Kennedy and sent a group of federal marshals to protect the riders.


Can you describe the "Children's Crusade" in Birmingham? (Project "C" in Birmingham, video)
TweetProject C was for confrontation and children were being recruited to be in the march. The impact was that the city promises to desegregate public facilities and begin an employment program for black people downtown.


What was the impact of the Birmingham Protests in 1963? (CA 819-820, video)
TweetPeople around the nation saw how blacks were treated, so this would desegregate lunch counters, remove segregation signs, and employ more blacks.


What was the impact of the March on Washington? (CA 820, video)
TweetThe March on Washington brought together Civil Rights groups and inspired President Kennedy to promise support.


What was the deal with the Civil Rights Act of 1964? (CA 820)
TweetIt banned segregation in public places and made sure labor was not discriminatory. There was wide spread support of this bill.


What was Freedom Summer? (CA 821, Freedom Summer, video)
TweetFreedom Summer was a movement in Mississippi to gain voting rights for blacks. Several people were killed and lots more injured during the protests.




Section 3


Tweet about the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (CA 821)

TweetJohnson pushed it through Congress. It banned any law that prevented blacks from voting.


Provide a tweet describing the Selma to Montgomery March in 1965. (video, video)

TweetCivil Rights activists attempted to march to Montgomery. They were met with violence, but they managed to achieve their goal of voting rights for blacks.


Describe what President Johnson did as a result of the Selma march. (The Freedom March from Selma to Montgomery, AL)

TweetHe first protected the marchers with the National Guard, then used public support of the CRM, to push through the Voting Rights Act.


Tweet about Johnson’s Great Society – how will it help the Movement? (CA 822)

TweetIt provided programs that helped out needy Americans. It was, in part, aimed to end racial oppression.


Tweet about the impact of the movement in the North, especially Chicago, in the later 1960s (CA 822, Chicago Freedom Movement).

TweetIn Chicago, MLK along with the SCLC, joined the fight against racial discrimination which was the only major racial problem in that area.


How is the Movement dividing in the later years of the 60s? (CA 822-823)

TweetThe Movement was dividing because Martin Luther King was shot in 1968, so there were a lot of riots because of the angered African-Americans.


Tweet about the ideas of Malcolm X. (CA 822, The Nation of Islam and Malcolm X)

TweetHe traveled to Mecca and met with different races who were all Muslims. He then wanted all races in to live in peace.



What is the story with the Black Panthers? (The Black Panther Party)

Tweet - The Black Panthers are the people who watch for the cops' actions in African-American communities. Even the police were scared because of the Black Panthers carried heavy loaded guns everywhere.